Hastelloy Alloy

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Definition of Hastelloy Alloy

Hastelloy alloy is a corrosion-resistant nickel (Ni) alloy which contains other chemical elements such as chromium (Cr) and molybdenum (Mo). This material has high temperature resistance and outstanding corrosion resistance. Hastelloy alloy has good sulphﬁdation resistance and high metallurgical stability, which makes it preferable material for high-temperature applications of thermal energy storing and electricity generating devices such as gas turbines.

What are Advantages of Hastelloy Alloy？

Exceptional Corrosion Resistance and Durability
Hastelloy alloys boast outstanding corrosion resistance and unparalleled durability. These two paramount advantages render them an appealing choice across numerous sectors. Additionally, they exhibit resistance to oxidation, making them indispensable in high-temperature environments. Moreover, hastelloy alloys excel in withstanding stress corrosion cracking, chloride pitting, and crevice corrosion. Consequently, these alloys find extensive applications in chemical processing plants, power plants, marine industries, and other industrial settings where corrosion or extreme temperatures pose significant risks. Furthermore, the ease of machining hastelloy alloys into intricate shapes without compromising their strength or integrity is an added advantage.

The Nickel-based Marvel
Hastelloy alloys primarily consist of nickel, along with chromium, molybdenum, iron, and cobalt. This meticulously balanced composition of metals endows Hastelloy with superior strength and enhanced resistance to corrosion compared to other alloys.

The Impenetrable Shield Against Corrosion
Of paramount significance, Hastelloy’s resistance to corrosion is one of its most prominent properties. This alloy effectively withstands both acidic and basic solutions, as well as saltwater, making it an ideal choice for diverse environments. Remarkably, Hastelloy remains unscathed even in the presence of chlorine and other halides.

Unyielding Strength and Durability
Another remarkable advantage of Hastelloy is its robustness and durability. Capable of enduring high temperatures without sacrificing its strength or turning brittle, Hastelloy exhibits negligible expansion or contraction when exposed to extreme thermal conditions. This remarkable attribute makes it a favored material for high-pressure applications.

Non-magnetic Excellence
Hastelloy’s non-magnetic nature is particularly valuable in applications that demand materials devoid of magnetic properties. This characteristic further enhances Hastelloy’s resistance to electromagnetic interference.

Ease of Workability
Compared to its counterparts, Hastelloy is relatively straightforward to work with. It can be welded, machined, and formed using conventional methods and equipment. Additionally, Hastelloy can undergo cold work without becoming brittle.

What are Features of Hastelloy Alloy?

Corrosion Resistance

Hastelloy has excellent corrosion resistance, especially for oxidizing acids and halogen ion containing media showing strong corrosion resistance.

High Temperature Performance

Hastelloy’s high temperature performance is also very good, can maintain excellent mechanical properties in high temperature environment.

Processing Properties

Hastelloy alloy has good processing properties, can be cold working, hot working and welding operations.

Physical Properties

Hastelloy’s physical properties such as thermal conductivity, electrical conductivity and thermal expansion coefficient also show excellent characteristics.

Common Types of Hastelloy Alloy

Hastelloy B
Hastelloy B is resistant to corrosion by reducing medium, suitable for manufacturing equipment for hot concentrated hydrochloric acid and hydrogen chloride gas. It features good strength at 1095 °C, used for old-fashioned internal combustion engines and rocket engine components.

Hastelloy B-2
Hastelloy B-2 exhibits excellent corrosion resistance to strong reducing chemicals such as hydrochloric acid and aluminum chloride catalyst. This alloy also has good intergranular corrosion resistance, suitable for equipment in hydrochloric acid and medium-concentration sulfuric acid (especially at high temperatures) environments.

Hastelloy B-3
Hastelloy B-3 is a nickel-molybdenum alloy containing about 28% molybdenum. This alloy can withstand atmospheric pressure of any concentration and hydrochloric acid of any temperature with the corrosion rate at less than 0.5mm/year.

Hastelloy C
Though sharing similar basic corrosion resistance like NS334 alloy, Hastelloy C exhibits better radiation resistance.

Hastelloy C-4
Hastelloy C-4 is corrosion resistant to chloride-containing oxidation or reduction. It features good thermal stability, suitable for wet chlorine, hypochlorous acid, sulfuric acid, hydrochloric acid, mixed acid, chloride device and direct application after welding. The alloy exhibits good high-temperature stability, toughness and corrosion resistance in temperatures ranging from 650 ° C to 1040 ° C, with its basic corrosion resistance same as that of NS334.

Hastelloy C-22
Hastelloy C-22 can be referred as an all-round nickel-chromium-molybdenum-tungsten alloy. It features better overall corrosion resistance than other existing nickel-chromium-molybdenum alloys. Hastelloy C-22 alloy has excellent resistance to pitting corrosion, crevice corrosion and stress corrosion cracking. Besides, it exhibits excellent resistance to aqueous solvents, including wet chlorine, nitric acid or mixed acid with chloride-ions-containing oxidizing acids.

Hastelloy C-276
Hastelloy C-276 is a corrosion-resistant alloy with many excellent properties, such as good resistance to oxidizing and moderate reducing corrosion, excellent stress corrosion cracking resistance and good local corrosion resistance. Hastelloy C-276 exhibits satisfactory corrosion resistance in many chemical process media, including strong corrosive mineral acid solutions, chlorine and various chloride-containing media, dry chlorine, formic acid and acetic acid, acid anhydride, seawater, brine and etc.

Hastelloy C-2000
Hastelloy C-2000 is a nickel-based super alloy composed of 55% nickel and other elements like molybdenum, chromium, copper and etc. It is an optimized alloy developed to expand the material applications.

Hastelloy G-3
Hastelloy G-3 is a high-performance nickel-based corrosion-resistant alloy. It belongs to Ni-Cr-Fe alloy group that contains Mo and Cu. The super alloy features excellent resistance to oxidation, atmospheric corrosion and stress corrosion cracking. Hastelloy G-3 also has high resistance to local corrosion, such as pitting corrosion and crevice corrosion.

Hastelloy G-30
Hastelloy G-30 is a high-chromium nickel-based alloy that has better corrosion resistance than most other nickel-based and iron-based alloys in environments mixed with commercial phosphoric acid and many highly oxidizing acid media, such as nitric acid/hydrochloric acid, nitric acid/hydrofluoric acid, and sulfuric acid. G-30 alloy can prevent welding heat from affecting the formation of grain boundary precipitation within the heating zone, so the welded product is applicable to various chemical treatment projects.

Hastelloy G-35
Hstelloy G-35 features outstanding resistance to pitting and crevice corrosion in the halogenide medium and sulfuric acid-containing acidic environment, effectively resistant to chloride ion stress corrosion. Hstelloy G-35 also has good corrosion resistance and stability in oxidizing and reducing media, with slightly better mechanical properties than 904L. It can be used for manufacturing pressure vessel at temperatures ranging from -196 to 400 °C.

Hastelloy X
Hastelloy X is a nickel-chromium-molybdenum alloy with addition of the cobalt and tungsten. It exhibits excellent oxidation resistance at temperatures up to 1200 ° C and can also be used in neutral and reducing atmospheres. Meanwhile, alloy Hastelloy X is resistant to carbonization and nitriding atmosphere.

Applications of Hastelloy Alloy

Oil and Gas
The oil is extracted from thousands of meters down, where temperatures and pressures are extraordinarily high.
Furthermore, the atmosphere in some oil fields is quite harsh, which can cause significant metal corrosion.
Hastelloy alloys provide high performance with exceptional high-temperature corrosion resistance and high-temperature stress resistance in these configurations.

Chemical Processing
One of the most important manufacturing businesses is chemical processing.
Hastelloy alloys can be used to make reactor equipment such as columns, pipe systems, pressure vessels, heat exchangers, and more.
They can tolerate many of the daily chemical reactions that occur in these facilities due to their exceptional corrosion resistance.

Aerospace Industry
Many Hastelloy alloys are best for aerospace applications due to their creep resistance and minimal expansion at high temperatures.
Hastelloy alloys are commonly used in the aircraft sector for structural honeycombs, fasteners, connections and engine components.

Components of Hastelloy Alloy

Nickel, Chromium and Molybdenum
Nickel, chromium and molybdenum are three inseparable elements in superalloys. The ratio of these three elements determines the different properties of superalloys. In Hastelloy alloys, the proportion of nickel, chromium and molybdenum varies from grade to grade.
The nickel element mainly affects the high temperature resistance of Hastelloy alloys. Generally speaking, the higher the nickel content, the better the high temperature resistance of the alloy.
Chromium and molybdenum both affect the corrosion resistance of the alloy. The difference is that chromium acts as an anti-oxidant while molybdenum acts as an anti-reduction agent. Therefore, the ratio of chromium to molybdenum determines whether the alloy is more focused on oxidative or reductive corrosion. Among the Hastelloy alloys, the Hastelloy B series has the highest molybdenum content and the lowest chromium content. The Hastelloy C series has a relatively balanced content of molybdenum and chromium. It has a comprehensive corrosion resistance. The chromium content of the Hastelloy G series is greater than the molybdenum content of the alloy. These alloys are more important for oxidation resistance.

Tungsten
Tungsten is a typical component of Hastelloy alloys. Its role is mainly to increase the solid solution strengthening effect of the alloy. The higher the tungsten content in the alloy, the higher the strength of the alloy. In addition, tungsten increases the alloy's resistance to pitting.

Copper
The element copper is a good corrosion resistant metal element. Among the Hastelloy alloys, Hastelloy C-2000 is a typical copper-containing alloy. Copper brings excellent resistance to sulfuric acid to this alloy.

Cobalt
Cobalt is an effective solid solution strengthening element. The Hastelloy X alloy contains 0.5% to 2.5% cobalt. This is the basis for its excellent high temperature properties.

How Do You Maintain Hastelloy Alloy?

Regular Inspections
Conduct routine inspections of alloy equipment to identify any signs of wear, corrosion, or damage.

Cleaning
Maintain cleanliness to prevent the buildup of contaminants and corrosive substances on the equipment’s surface.

Corrosion Control
Implement corrosion control measures as needed, such as protective coatings or inhibitors, to extend the equipment’s lifespan.

Proper Storage
When not in use, store Hastelloy equipment in a dry, well-ventilated area to prevent moisture-related corrosion.

Avoid Abrasive Materials

Refrain from using abrasive cleaning materials or harsh chemicals that could damage the alloy’s surface.

Temperature Monitoring

Keep an eye on operating temperatures to ensure they remain within the recommended range to prevent thermal degradation.

Periodic Testing

Consider periodic testing for corrosion resistance and structural integrity to identify any potential issues early.

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Frequently Asked Questions

Q: What are the advantages of Hastelloy Alloy?

A: Because of their durability, excellent corrosion resistance, and temperature resistance, manufacturers across multiple industries benefit from using Hastelloy metals and alloys. Although other materials may get the job done, these superalloys are easy to source and use in a variety of manufacturing processes.

SOURCING

Nickel is a highly available raw resource as it is the fifth most common element found on earth. It is also one of the most popular elements to mix with other metals for alloying. For this reason, Hastelloy alloys are relatively affordable to make and source.

MANUFACTURING

In general, Hastelloy metals and alloys can be welded with commonplace welding techniques. These techniques include gas metal arc welding, shielded metal arc welding, gas tungsten arc welding, and more. However, it is especially important to adhere to welding guidelines when using nickel-based alloys.

Using Hastelloy alloys, manufacturers can increase the longevity and reliability of their equipment and products. Costly mistakes, such as production bottlenecks, fixed asset losses, and worker injuries, are more likely to occur when parts break.

Q: In what areas can Hastelloy Alloy be used?

A: Hastelloy metals and alloys are widely used across multiple industries because of their enhanced mechanical properties. Because they can withstand moderate to severe corrosion, Hastelloy alloys are used in many welding, aerospace engineering, and chemical processing applications.

AEROSPACE

Because of their creep resistance and low expansion at elevated temperatures, many Hastelloy alloys are ideal for aerospace applications. Common applications of Hastelloy alloys within the aerospace industry include structural honeycombs, fasteners, connectors, engine components, and more.

CHEMICAL PROCESSING

Chemical processing is one of the largest manufacturing industries in the United States. From prescription drugs to cosmetics, it produces a vast range of commonplace products. In 2019, the chemical processing industry spent $10.1 billion on research and development. As technology and products evolve, so does the demand for better, stronger materials.

Hastelloy alloys can be used to build equipment parts in reactors, such as columns, piping systems, pressure vessels, heat exchangers, and more. Because of their excellent corrosion resistance, they can withstand many of the daily chemical reactions that take place in these facilities.

Q: What grades of Hastelloy Alloy are available?

A: Along with containing nickel and molybdenum, the different grades of Hastelloy alloys may contain percentages of iron, aluminum, tungsten, carbon, titanium, chromium, and other elements. The most widely used and versatile Hastelloy alloys are the C-types.

Formulated in 1952, the Hastelloy X alloy is a more recent grade of superalloy compared to others. It contains higher percentages of iron to improve oxidation resistance, formability, and high temperature strength. It can also be cold rolled to meet desired temper properties; however, it cannot be hardened by heat treatments.

B-type alloys

B-type alloys are known for their high percentages of nickel and molybdenum. Like nickel, molybdenum offers high resistance to corrosion. It is notable for its ductility and has one of the highest melting points of all the naturally occurring elements. These alloys are formulated to withstand extreme reducing conditions, such as environments with hydrochloric, hydrobromic, and sulfuric acids.

B-2 ALLOY

This grade of alloy typically contains 65 percent nickel, 30 percent of molybdenum, and small percentages of iron, carbon, cobalt, chromium, manganese, silicon, phosphorus, and sulfur. It offers superior corrosion resistance to hydrochloric acids at any concentration or temperature. However, it is not resistant to oxidizing agents.

B-3 ALLOY

The B-3 alloy has an average composition of 65 percent nickel, 30 percent molybdenum, with trace amounts of manganese, cobalt, and chromium. It provides excellent resistance to pitting and corrosion, along with superior thermal stability compared to the B-2 alloy. Like the B-2 alloy, it is likely to prematurely deteriorate if exposed to oxidizing agents.

Metal manufacturing process bending machine

C-type alloys

Alloys that fall within the C-family have high percentages of nickel, molybdenum, and chromium. The addition of chromium increases the formability of these types of alloys, allowing them to withstand elevated temperatures and reducing atmospheres. Most C-type alloys can be formed using different cold and hot working methods, such as deep drawing, press forming, and punching.

C-4 ALLOY

The C-4 alloy consists of about 60 percent nickel, 18 percent chromium, 16 percent molybdenum, 3 percent iron, and 2 percent cobalt. The remainder comprises silicon, sulfur, carbon, titanium, and other elements. Along with corrosion resistance, it has a high ductility, which makes it suitable for deep drawing.

C-22 ALLOY

The C-22 alloy is one of the most used alloys for flue gas desulfurization systems and pharmaceutical reaction vessels. Usually, it contains about 58 percent nickel, 20 percent chromium, 13 percent molybdenum, 3.5 percent iron, 3 percent tungsten, and 2.5 percent cobalt, along with other trace elements. It is widely used for its weldability; however, it should not be used in environments exceeding 1,250ºF.

C-276 ALLOY

This type of alloy is the standard for petrochemical processing applications. Most of its composition is nickel. However, it contains an average of 16 percent molybdenum, 15 percent chromium, 5.5 percent iron, 4 percent tungsten, and minute percentages of other elements. It provides excellent resistance to pitting, intergranular corrosion, and oxidizing agents. However, it does not perform well in environments with hot concentrated nitric acid.

G-type alloys

G-type alloys typically contain tungsten, which has the highest melting point of all metals. This family of alloys can be welded using certain techniques, such as gas tungsten arc welding, submerged arc welding, and shielded metal arc welding.

G-3 ALLOY

This alloy has high percentages of tungsten and molybdenum, which makes it resistant to corrosion. On average, it consists of 22 percent chromium, 20 percent iron, 7 percent molybdenum, and a maximum of 5 percent cobalt. It contains trace amounts of other elements, with nickel being the dominant trace ingredient.

G-30 ALLOY

The G-30 grade is about 40 percent nickel, 30 percent chromium, 15 percent iron, and 5 percent cobalt, with traces of other elements. It is especially resistance to wet process phosphoric acid.

Q: How is Hastelloy made?

A: Since Hastelloy is a metal alloy, it is made by combining raw elements together while in the hot liquid state. There are various grades, each containing a specific chemical composition. A mix may contain between 1% and 25% chromium, between 5% and 30% molybdenum and between 0% and 30% iron, with the balance being made up with nickel. Extra additives can include carbon, tungsten, vanadium and titanium, depending on the grade. Once the metals are combined, smelted and mixed together they can be cast accordingly for further manufacturing.

Q: What is Hastelloy used for?

A: Given Hastelloy is designed to have outstanding corrosion resistance, it makes a great choice for any moderate to severe corrosive environments where product lifetime is important. It is commonly used for pipes and valves in the chemical and petrochemical industries. It is also used in reactor vessels in the chemical and nuclear industries.

There are many Hastelloy grades, but C276 is one of the most popular grades. This grade is commonly used in the harsh environments mentioned above as well as paper and pulp production and waste treatment.

Q: What are the mechanical properties of Hastelloy Alloy?

A: Hastelloy comes from Hastelloy, which started with Hastelloy B alloy and is used in aircraft rocket nozzles; the subsequent Hastelloy C alloy has been applied and promoted in the chemical industry, petrochemical industry, nuclear energy industry and the pharmaceutical industry; The X alloy exhibits excellent high temperature resistance, which is accompanied by the rapid growth of the jet aircraft industry.

Since the early Hastelloy B, Hastelloy C, and Hastelloy X alloys require solution treatment after welding, otherwise, the corrosion resistance of the welding heat-affected zone will be greatly reduced; so the above alloys have been gradually improved or No longer use;

The key reason affecting the welding performance of the above materials is the content of C and Si. Due to the emergence and improvement of refining technology, the welding problems of Hastelloy alloys have been improved, so there are many improved Hastelloy B series that are being promoted. It’s a pity that many Hastelloy production and promotion units have replaced the earlier Hastelloy alloys with the later improved Hastelloy alloys. Not only did not reduce the C and Si content, but instead returned to the previous high Si, high C content; the promotion of special steel business has a long way to go.

The Hastelloy B series alloys resistant to reducing media are improved on the basis of Hastelloy B grades. The focus of the improvement includes extremely low C and Si content to improve the performance of the welding area, further alloying ideas, and purifying molten steel ideas In this way, Hastelloy B series has Hastelloy B-2, Hastelloy B-3, Hastelloy B-4 alloys; among them, Hastelloy B-2 alloy solves the welding area performance problem to a certain extent; Hastelloy B -3 solves the shortcomings of Hastelloy B-2 that it is easy to precipitate Ni-Mo precipitation hardening, and greatly improves the hot working and cold working performance.

In the process of improving the Hastelloy B series of materials used in reducing environments; the Hastelloy C series alloys in the redox compound environment are also continuously improving, and the Hastelloy C276 alloy is improved to a certain extent due to the lower C and Si content The performance problem of the welding area is solved, but it is still not satisfactory, and the processing performance has not been improved. The Hastelloy C22 material has completely solved the corrosion resistance of the welding area, the processing performance problem, and the main reason is that the material cost does not increase. So the Hastelloy C22 material is the most cost-effective material in the Hastelloy C series, and will be used in larger batches in the future; and the newly developed Hastelloy C2000 material adds Cu to the alloy, which expands the The corrosion ability of C alloy in a reducing environment provides the possibility for safer use, higher equipment life requirements, and new process trial production occasions.

Hastelloy is an ultra-low carbon type, Ni, Mo, Cr series nickel-based, corrosion-resistant, high-temperature resistant material Hastelloy (Hastelloy), because it has excellent high-temperature resistance, oxidation resistance, and weld-affected zone resistance It is corrosive, has good long-term thermal stability and processability, and is used in harsh industrial environments such as agricultural chemicals, nuclear facilities, and biopharmaceuticals. It also has excellent corrosion resistance, uniform corrosion resistance and intergranular corrosion resistance in the medium of wet oxygen, sulfurous acid, acetic acid, formic acid and strong oxidizing salts. Therefore, it is also widely used in the chemical industry. The electrical conductivity and thermal conductivity of gold are much lower than that of low-carbon steel, while the resistivity and expansion rate are much higher than that of low-carbon steel. The molten pool has poor fluidity, poor wettability, low penetration and shallow penetration.

Q: What are the characteristics of Hastelloy C276?

A: Excellent corrosion resistance in reducing environments.

Exceptional resistance to strong solutions of oxidizing salts, such as ferric and cupric chlorides.

High nickel and molybdenum contents providing good corrosion resistance in reducing environments.

Low carbon content which minimizes grain-boundary carbide precipitation during welding to maintain resistance to corrosion in heat-affected zones of welded joints.

Resistance to localized corrosion such as pitting and stress-corrosion cracking.

One of few materials to withstand the corrosive effects of wet chlorine gas, hypochlorite and chlorine dioxide.

Q: What are the special properties of Hastelloy Alloy?

A: Hastelloy is well-known for having a high molybdenum concentration. Molybdenum, being a corrosion-resistant element, provides excellent resistance to reductive corrosion.

Hastelloy alloys have excellent overall corrosion resistance due to the combination of nickel and chromium.

Their superior resistance to stress corrosion cracking in chloride-containing fluids cannot be matched by stainless steel.

The solid solution strengthening the impact of molybdenum and tungsten elements is highly visible, and they can improve the strength of Hastelloy alloys.

Hastelloy alloys show good ductility like other nickel alloys. They’re simple to fabricate and weld.

Hastelloy alloys resist chloride-induced pitting and crevice corrosion exceptionally well.

These types of corrosion are very common in austenitic stainless steel.

Like other nickel alloys, Hastelloy is known for its resistance to chloride-induced stress corrosion cracking.

Furthermore, Hastelloy has shown extraordinary resistance to seawater corrosion.

It is commonly utilized in maritime and offshore oil rigs, as well as in coastal installations, as a coolant.

Q: What are the advantages of Hastelloy C-276 Alloys?

A: Superior Corrosion Resistance: Hastelloy C-276 alloys exhibit exceptional resistance to a wide range of corrosive media, including acids, chlorides, and oxidizing/reducing environments. This corrosion resistance ensures the longevity and reliability of equipment and infrastructure, reducing maintenance costs and downtime.

High Strength and Durability: These alloys possess excellent mechanical strength and toughness, making them suitable for challenging operating conditions. They can withstand high-stress environments without compromising their structural integrity.

High-Temperature Capabilities: Hastelloy C-276 alloys maintain their mechanical properties even at elevated temperatures, making them ideal for applications that require resistance to both corrosion and heat.

Cost-Effectiveness: Although the initial cost of Nr. 2.4819 alloys may be higher than some alternative materials, their extended lifespan and reduced maintenance requirements result in long-term cost savings.

Reduced downtime and maintenance costs: With their superior corrosion resistance, UNS N10276 alloys minimize equipment failures, resulting in reduced downtime and maintenance expenses.

Q: What are the applications of Hastelloy C-276 Alloys?

A: Chemical Processing Industry:

Hastelloy C-276 alloys are widely used in the chemical processing industry, including:

Reactors and vessels for the production of acids, particularly sulfuric acid and hydrochloric acid

Piping systems for the transportation of corrosive chemicals

Flue gas desulfurization systems

Scrubbers and absorbers for gas treatment

Oil and Gas Industry:

Hastelloy C-276 alloys are utilized in the oil and gas industry for applications such as:

Offshore and onshore drilling equipment

Wellhead components

Tubing and casing in sour gas wells

Gas gathering systems

Downhole equipment exposed to corrosive environments

Pharmaceutical Industry:

In the pharmaceutical industry, Hastelloy C-276 alloys are preferred for:

Production and storage of pharmaceutical intermediates and active ingredients

Equipment for handling corrosive chemicals and solvents

Reaction vessels and agitators in chemical synthesis processes

Pollution Control:

Hastelloy C-276 alloys are highly suitable for pollution control applications, including:

Flue gas desulfurization systems in power plants

Scrubbers and exhaust systems in industrial facilities

Chemical treatment plants for wastewater management

Power Generation:

Hastelloy C-276 alloys play a vital role in power generation applications, including:

Gas turbines: These alloys are used in the fabrication of combustion chambers, fuel nozzles, and other components exposed to high temperatures and corrosive gases.

Power plant boilers: Hastelloy C-276 alloys are employed in the construction of boilers to withstand the corrosive effects of flue gases and high-pressure steam.

Heat exchangers: These alloys are utilized in heat exchangers for the efficient transfer of heat in power plants, where resistance to corrosion is crucial.

Marine and Shipbuilding:

In marine and shipbuilding industries, Hastelloy C-276 alloys find application in:

Ship exhaust systems: These alloys are resistant to the corrosive effects of saltwater and acidic gases, making them suitable for ship exhaust systems and stack liners.

Desalination plants: Hastelloy C-276 alloys are used in desalination plants, where they provide excellent resistance to seawater corrosion.

Offshore structures: These alloys are employed in offshore platforms, subsea equipment, and pipelines, protecting them from corrosion in harsh marine environments.

Environmental Protection:

Hastelloy C-276 alloys contribute to environmental protection in various ways:

Flue gas cleaning systems: These alloys are used in flue gas scrubbers and absorption towers to remove pollutants from industrial emissions, ensuring compliance with environmental regulations.

Waste treatment facilities: Hastelloy C-276 alloys are employed in the construction of waste treatment equipment, including tanks, pipes, and valves, to withstand the corrosive nature of chemical waste.

Semiconductor Manufacturing:

Hastelloy C-276 alloys play a critical role in semiconductor manufacturing processes, including:

Etching equipment: These alloys are used in the construction of etching chambers and components, offering high corrosion resistance to the aggressive chemicals involved in semiconductor fabrication.

Chemical handling systems: Hastelloy C-276 alloys are utilized in the storage and transport of chemicals used in semiconductor manufacturing, ensuring the integrity of the process.

Food and Beverage Industry:

In the food and beverage industry, Hastelloy C-276 alloys find application in:

Food processing equipment: These alloys are employed in the manufacturing of equipment for processing corrosive food products, such as acids, vinegar, and dairy products.

Brewery and distillery equipment: Hastelloy C-276 alloys are used in brewing and distilling processes, where resistance to acids, alcohol, and high-temperature liquids is essential.

Q: Besides Hastelloy B, C and G series, what other Hastelloy alloys are available?

A: In addition to Hastelloy B, C and G series, the four Hastelloy alloys that exist in the market today are Hastelloy N / S / W / X.

Hastelloy N is a high nickel content alloy. It has the highest nickel content of all Hastelloy alloys. As a result, it has excellent high temperature resistance.

Hastelloy S is a strong all-round alloy. It has a greatly reduced iron content, with almost all of its components allocated to nickel, chromium and molybdenum. These three elements give Hastelloy S the ultimate in high temperature corrosion resistance.

Hastelloy W has a composition ratio between the Hastelloy B series and the C series. Its high molybdenum content gives it good resistance to reduction, while it has more chromium than the B series. This gives it a more balanced performance.

Hastelloy X is a high temperature focused alloy, which comes from its cobalt content. In addition, Hastelloy X has a lot of iron added to reduce costs.

Q: What is the price of Hastelloy alloys?

A: Due to the high molybdenum content, the raw material price of Hastelloy alloy is higher than many nickel-based superalloys. Also, due to their high strength, Hastelloy alloys are more difficult to process, which further increases their price.

Q: What is the difference between Hastelloy alloys and other superalloys?

A: The most important feature of Hastelloy alloy is that it contains molybdenum. This is the biggest difference between it and other superalloys. Although there are other superalloys that contain molybdenum, their molybdenum content is generally lower than that of Hastelloy, so in terms of properties, Hastelloy exhibits better overall corrosion resistance and higher solid solution strength than other superalloys.

Gnee Super Alloy (Tianjin) Co., Ltd. is well-known as one of the leading hastelloy alloy manufacturers and suppliers in China. We warmly welcome you to buy or wholesale high quality hastelloy alloy in stock here and get free sample from our factory. For price consultation, contact us. alloy for catalytic converters, UNS N06455 N10629 Hastelloy Pipe, alloy for coating