Hastelloy B2 vs C276 – What's the Difference?
Hastelloy B2 vs C276 – What's the Difference?
Due to its high molybdenum content, Hastelloy B2 performs exceptionally well in reducing acidic environments (such as hydrochloric acid); while Hastelloy C276, with its higher chromium and molybdenum content and the addition of tungsten, is more versatile and can withstand both oxidizing and reducing environments, including wet chlorine, hypochlorite, and sulfuric acid. The main difference lies in their application: B2 is suited for strongly reducing acidic environments, while C276 is a more versatile material suitable for various corrosive chemical mixtures, making it more durable in a wide range of industrial applications.
What are the uses of Hastelloy C276?
C-276 alloy is widely used in a variety of harsh environments, such as chemical processing, pollution control, pulp and paper production, industrial and municipal wastewater treatment, and sour gas recovery.
Introduction to Hastelloy B2 and C276
Hastelloy B-2 (UNS N10665, material number 2.4617) is a nickel-molybdenum alloy primarily composed of nickel (Ni) and molybdenum (Mo), with very low carbon and silicon content. It exhibits excellent corrosion resistance in reducing environments, making it particularly suitable for strong hydrochloric acid and other highly corrosive reducing media. Its superior corrosion resistance, good mechanical strength, and weldability make it an ideal choice for many applications involving harsh chemical conditions, such as chemical reactors, heat exchangers, marine applications, petroleum refining, and wastewater treatment plants, especially in environments where strong reducing acids are present.
Hastelloy C-276 (UNS N10276, material number 2.4819) is a nickel-molybdenum-chromium alloy. It contains nickel, molybdenum, chromium, and small amounts of iron and tungsten. It possesses excellent corrosion resistance, high-temperature performance, and mechanical strength, as well as outstanding toughness, strength, and good weldability. It is designed to resist corrosion from strong acids, chlorides, oxides, and other extreme environments. It is widely used in petrochemical, chemical, energy, and metallurgical industries. Therefore, it is particularly suitable for environments where both oxidizing and reducing substances are present, including flue gas desulfurization systems, chemical plants, and nuclear waste treatment facilities.
Chemical Composition of Hastelloy B2 vs C276
As can be seen from the table below, C-276 alloy contains more chromium and tungsten, thus exhibiting excellent oxidation resistance and crevice corrosion resistance, making it ideal for oxidizing environments. B2 alloy contains high molybdenum and low chromium, and is specifically designed for strong reducing acids such as hydrochloric acid and hydrofluoric acid, but is prone to corrosion under oxidizing conditions. Therefore, C-276 has better overall corrosion resistance and a wider range of applications, while B-2 is more suitable for specific reducing environments.
| Element | Hastelloy C276 (%) | Hastelloy B2 (%) |
| Carbon (C) | ≤0.01 | ≤0.02 |
| Manganese (Mn) | ≤1.00 | ≤1.0 |
| Phosphorus (P) | ≤0.04 | ≤0.040 |
| Sulfur (S) | ≤0.03 | ≤0.030 |
| Silicon (Si) | – | ≤0.10 |
| Chromium (Cr) | 14.5 – 16.5 | ≤1.0 |
| Nickel (Ni) | Remainder (rem) | Balance |
| Molybdenum (Mo) | 15.0 – 17.0 | 26.0 – 30.0 |
| Cobalt (Co) | ≤2.5 | ≤1.0 |
| Iron (Fe) | 4.0 – 7.0 | ≤2.0 |
| Tungsten (W) | 3.0 – 4.5 | – |
| Vanadium (V) | ≤0.35 | – |
Physical Properties of Hastelloy B2 vs C276
Hastelloy B2 has a higher density and a fixed melting point, which helps with temperature control and improves energy efficiency. C276 has a lower density and a wider melting range, offering better thermal stability, making it more suitable for high-temperature and weight-sensitive applications, such as in the aerospace industry.
| Property | Hastelloy B2 | Hastelloy C276 |
| Density (g/cm³) | 9.2 | 8.89 |
| Melting Point (°C) | 1370 | 1350 – 1390 |
Mechanical properties of Hastelloy B2 vs C276
Hastelloy B2 has a higher density and a fixed melting point, which helps with temperature control and improves energy efficiency. C276 has a lower density and a wider melting range, offering better thermal stability, making it more suitable for high-temperature and weight-sensitive applications, such as in the aerospace industry.
| Element | Tensile Strength | Yield Strength (0.2%Offset) | Elongation |
| Hastelloy B2 | Psi – 110,000 , MPa – 760 | Psi – 51,000 , MPa – 350 | 40% |
| Hastelloy C276 | Psi – 52,000 , MPa – 355 | Psi – 115,000 , MPa – 790 | 40% |
Corrosion Resistance of Hastelloy B2 vs C276
Hastelloy B2 alloy exhibits excellent corrosion resistance in many reducing environments, particularly in hydrochloric acid environments at any concentration and temperature under atmospheric pressure. Under oxygen-free conditions, it also shows good corrosion resistance to medium concentrations of sulfuric acid, various concentrations of phosphoric acid, and high-temperature organic acids (such as acetic acid and formic acid). It can also withstand corrosion from bromic acid, hydrogen chloride gas, and halide catalysts. Therefore, Hastelloy B-2 is widely used in demanding chemical and petrochemical processes, such as hydrochloric acid distillation, ethylbenzene alkylation, and low-pressure acetic acid production.
Hastelloy C276 exhibits excellent corrosion resistance to most corrosive media in both oxidizing and reducing atmospheres. It has outstanding resistance to pitting, crevice corrosion, and stress corrosion cracking. It is one of the few materials that can withstand corrosion from wet chlorine gas, hypochlorite, and chlorine dioxide solutions. It also shows excellent corrosion resistance to high-concentration chloride salt solutions (such as ferric chloride and cupric chloride).
Comparison of Properties of Hastelloy B2 and C276
Hastelloy B2:
Iron and chromium content are controlled to the lowest levels to prevent the formation of the β phase Ni₄Mo.
Excellent corrosion resistance in reducing environments.
Very good corrosion resistance to medium concentrations of sulfuric acid and many non-oxidizing acids.
Strong resistance to chloride-induced stress corrosion cracking (SCC).
Excellent corrosion resistance to various organic acids.
Hastelloy C276:
Excellent corrosion resistance
Excellent high-temperature performance
Good mechanical properties
Excellent weldability
Applications of Hastelloy B2 and C276
Hastelloy B2 nickel-based alloy is widely used in many harsh environments due to its excellent heat and corrosion resistance. It has extensive applications in the chemical, petrochemical, energy production, and pollution control fields, especially in industries involving H₂SO₄, HCl, H₃PO₄, CH₃COOH, etc.
Hastelloy C-276 alloy is widely used in the chemical and petrochemical industries, including components in contact with chlorinated organic compounds and catalytic systems. It is very suitable for high-temperature environments, inorganic/organic acids containing various impurities (such as formic acid, acetic acid), and seawater corrosion environments.
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About Gnee Steel
Gnee Steel is a professional manufacturer of nickel-based alloys, including Nickel 201, Nickel 202, Hastelloy C-276, Hastelloy C-22, Hastelloy B, Hastelloy C-4, Inconel 600, Inconel 625, Inconel 718, Inconel X-750, Incoloy 800, Incoloy 800H/HT, Incoloy 825, Monel 400, Monel K500, and other high-temperature alloy materials. We specialize in the production and sales of alloy materials. Gnee Steel's products are widely used in aerospace, chemical, power generation, automotive, nuclear energy, and other fields, and we can provide customized alloy material solutions according to customer needs. For inquiries about alloy material prices or customized alloy material solutions, please feel free to contact us via email at ss@gneesteel.com for a quote.
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